BOLALIK, TASHABBUS VA “AMERIKA BEGUNOHLIGI”: KARSON MAKKALLERS VA YUDORA UELTI NASRIDAGI VAQTINCHALIK AFSONA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67227/5jqbwg20Kalit so‘zlar:
Karson Makkallers, Yudora Uelti, bolalik, tashabbus, Amerika begunohligi, vaqtinchalik afsona, Amerika janubi, modernizm, “Yolg‘izlik – ovchi qalb”, “Delta to‘yi”, “Xotira”.Abstrak
Ushbu maqola Karson Makkallers va Yudora Uelti nasrida bolalik va tashabbus tushunchalarining “Amerika begunohligi” mifologemasi bilan bog‘liq holda badiiy talqinini o‘rganadi. XX asr Amerika janubidagi ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy inqiroz, irqiy ziddiyatlar va patriarxal qadriyatlarning tanazzuli sharoitida “bolalik” kategoriyasi nafaqat psixologik yoki biologik bosqich, balki madaniy konstruksiya sifatida qayta talqin qilinadi. Makkallersning “Yolg‘izlik – ovchi qalb” (1940) romanidagi Mik Kelli obrazi va Ueltining “Delta to‘yi” (1946), “Yo‘qotilgan janglar” (1970) romanlari hamda “Xotira” (1937) qissasidagi bolalik va o‘smirlik tajribalari tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada bu asarlarda bolaning tashabbusi sifatida musiqa, bilim, ijtimoiy adolatga intilish kabi xislatlar qanday qilib chidamlilik va barqarorlikning ifodasiga aylanishi, ammo shu bilan birga “begunohlik” mifologemasining yemirilishiga olib kelishi ko‘rsatiladi. Tadqiqot struktural-semiotik, qiyosiy va tarixiy metodlarga asoslangan bo‘lib, Makkallers va Uelti nasrini Amerika janubidagi “vaqtinchalik afsona”ni o‘tmishga qaytib bo‘lmaslik va kelajakka ishonchsizlik – kontekstida talqin qiladi.
Yuklashlar
Havolalar
1. McCullers C. The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter. – New York : Houghton Mifflin, 1940. – P. 120.
2. Welty E. Delta Wedding. – New York : Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1946. – P. 97.
3. Murray W.P. Dangerous Innocence: White Men, Mass Culture, and the Southern Outsider’s Appeal, 1960–2020. – Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press, 2024. – P. 10–15.
4. Welty E. Delta Wedding. – New York : Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1946. – P. 14.
5. Welty E. Delta Wedding. – New York : Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1946. – P. 158.
6. Murray W.P. Dangerous Innocence: White Men, Mass Culture, and the Southern Outsider’s Appeal, 1960–2020. – Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press, 2024. – P. 8.
7. Murray W.P. Dangerous Innocence: White Men, Mass Culture, and the Southern Outsider’s Appeal, 1960–2020. – Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press, 2024. – P. 10.
8. Fraser V.N. Memory in Three Novels by Eudora Welty: A Study of Delta Wedding, Losing Battles, and The Optimist’s Daughter. – Waco : Baylor University, 1992. – P. 35.
9. McCullers C. The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter. – New York : Houghton Mifflin, 1940. – P. 107.
10. McCullers C. The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter. – New York : Houghton Mifflin, 1940. – P. 340–345.
11. McCullers C. Sucker // The Ballad of the Sad Café and Other Stories. – New York : Houghton Mifflin, 1951. – P. 140–145.
12. Welty E. A Memory // The Collected Stories of Eudora Welty. – New York : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1980. – P. 80–82.
13. Welty E. Delta Wedding. – New York : Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1946. – 247 p. – P. 156–167.
14. Murray W.P. Dangerous Innocence: White Men, Mass Culture, and the Southern Outsider’s Appeal, 1960–2020. – Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press, 2024. – P. 8.
