IJTIMOIY BIRDAMLIK KATEGORIYASINING EVOLYUSIYASI VA NAZARIY ASOSLARI: FALSAFIY-SOTSIOLOGIK TAHLIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67227/ttrenp30Kalit so‘zlar:
ijtimoiy birdamlik, mexanik birdamlik, organik birdamlik, hamjihatlik, tolerantlik, fuqarolik mas’uliyati, Emil Dyurkgeym, Ogyust Kont, ijtimoiy adolat, O‘zbekiston.Abstrak
Ushbu maqolada ijtimoiy birdamlik kategoriyasining tarixiy evolyutsiyasi va nazariy asoslari falsafiy-sotsiologik jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot globallashuv, axborotlashuv va demokratik transformatsiyalar kuchayib borayotgan zamonaviy jamiyatda ijtimoiy birdamlikni ilmiy jihatdan o‘rganishning dolzarbligiga asoslanadi. Maqolada ijtimoiy birdamlik tushunchasining qadimgi yunon falsafasidan (Aristotel), Sharq ijtimoiy tafakkuridan (Abu Nasr Forobiy, Alisher Navoiy, Konfutsiy) XIX asr sotsiologiyasiga (Ogyust Kont, Emil Dyurkgeym) va XX asr ijtimoiy nazariyalariga (Talkott Parsons, Yurgen Xabermas) qadar bo‘lgan evolyutsiyasi kuzatiladi va tahlil qilinadi. Dyurkgeymning mexanik va organik birdamlik konsepsiyasi, Parsonsning funksionalizm doirasidagi ijtimoiy tizim nazariyasi hamda Xabermasning kommunikativ harakat g‘oyasi alohida ilmiy muhokama qilinadi. Shuningdek, jadid ma’rifatparvarlari — Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiy, Abdurauf Fitrat va Abdulla Avloniyning ijtimoiy birdamlik va milliy uyg‘onish haqidagi qarashlari tahlil etiladi. O‘zbekiston tajribasi turli diniy konfessiyalar va elatlar o‘rtasidagi hamjihatlikka asoslangan ijtimoiy birdamlik modeli nuqtai nazaridan ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tadqiqot natijasida ijtimoiy birdamlikning tarkibiy elementlari — hamjihatlik, o‘zaro ishonch, tolerantlik, fuqarolik mas’uliyati, ijtimoiy adolat, hamkorlik, ma’naviy birlik va mafkuraviy uyg‘unlik — tizimli ravishda ochib beriladi. Muallif tomonidan ijtimoiy birdamlikka yangi ta’rif taklif etilib, mazkur kategoriya nafaqat tashqi birlashuv, balki jamiyatning ichki barqarorligi, ma’naviy yaxlitligi va fuqarolik uyg‘unligini ta’minlovchi kompleks ijtimoiy-falsafiy hodisa sifatida talqin qilinadi.
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