LINGVISTIK XUSHMUOMALALIK STRATEGIYALARINING SINXRON VA DIAXRON VARIATSIYALARINI KORPUS ASOSIDA TAHLIL QILISH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67227/ykyfw609Kalit so‘zlar:
pragmatika, xushmuomalalik strategiyalari, korpus lingvistikasi, COCA, COHA, diaxron o‘zgarish, sinxron variatsiya, nutq registrlari tahlili, epistemik yumshatish, semantik prosodiya, o‘zaro axborot ko‘rsatkichi (Mutual Information — MI), me’yorlashtirilgan chastota (pmw).Abstrak
Ijtimoiy munosabatlarni boshqarish, suhbatdoshning ijtimoiy qiyofasiga tahdid soluvchi nutqiy harakatlarni (Face-Threatening Acts — FTAs) yumshatish hamda muloqot uyg‘unligini saqlashda lingvistik xushmuomalalik strategiyalari muhim pragmatik vositalar hisoblanadi. Xushmuomalalikning klassik nazariyalari, asosan, introspektiv yoki kichik hajmdagi sifat ma’lumotlariga tayangan bo‘lsa, korpus lingvistikasidagi zamonaviy yutuqlar xushmuomalalik hodisalarini turli davrlar va kommunikativ sohalar doirasida keng qamrovli empirik tahlil qilish imkonini beradi. Mazkur maqolada COCA va COHA korpuslari asosida me’yorlashtirilgan chastota hamda kollokatsion tahlil usullaridan foydalanilib, akademik matnlar, og‘zaki muloqot, yangiliklar va badiiy adabiyot kabi turli nutq registrlaridagi sinxron variatsiyalar hamda 150 yillik davr (1870–2020) mobaynidagi diaxron o‘zgarishlar o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari norasmiy ijobiy xushmuomalalik strategiyalarining qo‘llanishi ortganini, salbiy xushmuomalalik ko‘rsatkichlari, jumladan, rasmiy hurmat ifodalovchi yumshatish vositalarining qo‘llanishi esa vaqt o‘tishi bilan sezilarli darajada kamayganini ko‘rsatadi. Bundan tashqari, sinxron taqsimot nutq registrlariga xos sezilarli farqlar mavjudligini namoyon etadi.
Yuklashlar
Havolalar
1. Blum-Kulka S., House J., Kasper G. (eds.). Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. – Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation, 1989. – 300 p. – (Advances in Discourse Processes, Vol. 31). – URL: https://books.google.com/books?id=vYZrAAAAIAAJ
2. Brown P., Levinson S. C. Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987. – 345 p. – URL: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511813085
3. Eelen G. A Critique of Politeness Theories. – Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing, 2001. – 299 p. – URL: https://www.routledge.com/A-Critique-of-Politeness-Theory-Volume-1/Eelen/p/book/9781315760179
4. Fairclough N. Discourse and Social Change. – Cambridge: Polity Press, 1992. – 259 p. – URL: https://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN9780745606743
5. Goffman E. Interaction Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Behavior. – Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1967. – 270 p. – URL: https://archive.org/details/interactionritua00goff
6. Holmes J. Women, Men and Politeness. – London; New York: Longman, 1995. – 254 p. – (Real Language Series). – URL: https://openlibrary.org/books/OL1103172M/Women_men_and_politeness
7. Kasper G. Linguistic Politeness: Current Research Issues // Journal of Pragmatics. – 1990. – Vol. 14, № 2. – P. 193–218. – URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(90)90080-W
8. Lakoff R. T. The Logic of Politeness: Or, Minding Your P’s and Q’s // Papers from the Ninth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society. – Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society, 1973. – P. 292–305.
9. Leech G. N. Principles of Pragmatics. – London; New York: Longman, 1983. – 250 p. – URL: https://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN9780582551107
10. Leech G., Hundt M., Mair C., Smith N. Change in Contemporary English: A Grammatical Study. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. – 341 p. – (Studies in English Language). – URL: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511642210
11. Thomas J. A. Meaning in Interaction: An Introduction to Pragmatics. – London; New York: Longman, 1995. – 240 p. – URL: https://www.routledge.com/Meaning-in-Interaction-An-Introduction-to-Pragmatics-1st-Edition/Thomas/p/book/9780582291515
12. Watts R. J. Politeness. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. – 304 p. – (Key Topics in Sociolinguistics). – URL: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511615184
13. Davies M. Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA): 1 Billion Words, 1990–2019 [Electronic resource]. – Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. – URL: https://www.english-corpora.org/coca/
14. Davies M. Corpus of Historical American English (COHA): 475 Million Words, 1820–2019 [Electronic resource]. – Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. – URL: https://www.english-corpora.org/coha/
