VIII ASRDA XORAZM SIYOSIY TARIXIDA AFRIG‘IYLAR SULOLASI VA HOKIMIYAT ALMASHINUVI: YOZMA VA NUMIZMATIK MANBALAR TAHLILI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67227/0q5qwb06Kalit so‘zlar:
Xorazm, VIII asr, Afrig‘iylar sulolasi, Chag‘on, Azkajuvar, Hurzod, Askajamuk, Qutayba ibn Muslim, numizmatika, Xorazmshohlar.Abstrak
Mazkur maqolada VIII asrda Xorazmda yuz bergan siyosiy jarayonlar, Afrig‘iylar sulolasi hukmronligi va hokimiyat almashinuvi masalalari yozma hamda numizmatik manbalar asosida tahlil qilingan. Xususan, Qutayba ibn Muslimning 711 va 713-yillardagi Xorazmga yurishlari, Xorazmshoh Chag‘on (Azkajuvar), Hurzod va Askajamuk faoliyati, shuningdek, Afrig‘iylar sulolasining siyosiy mavqeyiga oid ma’lumotlar o‘rganilgan. Abu Rayhon Beruniy asaridagi hukmdorlar ro‘yxati B. I. Vaynberg va A. V. Gudkova tomonidan amalga oshirilgan numizmatik tadqiqotlar bilan qiyosiy tahlil qilingan. Tangalardagi tamg‘alar, hukmdor tasvirlari va yozuvlar asosida Xorazmning VIII asr siyosiy tarixiga oid ayrim munozarali masalalar yoritilgan. Maqola natijasida yozma va numizmatik manbalarni o‘zaro solishtirish Xorazmdagi sulolaviy munosabatlar hamda siyosiy hokimiyat almashinuvi jarayonlarini chuqurroq anglash imkonini berishi asoslab berilgan.
Yuklashlar
Havolalar
1. Вайнберг Б. И. Монеты древнего Хорезма. – Москва: Наука, 1977. – 220 с.
2. Толстов С. П. Древний Хорезм: опыт историко-археологического исследования. – Москва: Издательство Московского государственного университета, 1948. – 352 с., 93 л. ил.
3. Толстов С. П. По следам древнехорезмийской цивилизации. – Москва; Ленинград: Издательство Академии наук СССР, 1948. – 322 с., 6 л. ил.
4. Гулямов Я. Г. История орошения Хорезма с древнейших времен до наших дней. – Ташкент: Издательство Академии наук Узбекской ССР, 1957. – 314 с.
5. Sachau E. Zur Geschichte und Chronologie von Khwârizm // Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-Historische Classe. – Wien, 1873. – Bd. 73. – S. 471–506.
6. Barthold W. Turkestan Down to the Mongol Invasion. – 3rd ed. – London: Luzac & Co., 1968.
7. Bosworth C. E. Afrighids // Encyclopaedia Iranica. – London; New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1984. – Vol. I, Fasc. 7. – P. 583–585.
8. Bosworth C. E. Khwārazm // The Encyclopaedia of Islam. – 2nd ed. – Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1978. – Vol. IV. – P. 1060–1065.
9. Henning W. B. The Khwarezmian Language // Zeki Velidi Togan’a Armağan. – Istanbul, 1955. – P. 421–436.
10. Hudud al-Alam: The Regions of the World. A Persian Geography 372 A.H.–982 A.D. / ed. and trans. by V. Minorsky. – London: Oxford University Press, 1937.
11. MacKenzie D. N. The Khwarezmian Element in the Qunyat al-munya. – London: School of Oriental and African Studies, 1970.
12. History of Civilizations of Central Asia. Vol. III: The Crossroads of Civilizations: A.D. 250 to 750 / ed. by A. H. Dani, B. A. Litvinsky. – Paris: UNESCO Publishing, 1996.
13. Helms S., Yagodin V., Betts A., Khozhaniyazov G., Kidd F. Five Seasons of Excavations in the Tash-k’irman Oasis of Ancient Chorasmia, 1996–2000: An Interim Report // Iranica Antiqua. – 2001. – Vol. 36. – P. 119–144.
14. Betts A., Yagodin V. N. A New View of Ancient Khorezm // Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia. – 2000. – Vol. 6, № 1–2. – P. 1–3.
15. Kidd F. Complex Connections: Figurative Art from Akchakhan-kala and the Chorasmian Artistic Milieu // Parthica. – 2011. – Vol. 13. – P. 31–48.