FEATURES OF PSYCHOLOGISM IN RUSSIAN PROSE OF THE LATE 20TH CENTURY (BASED ON D. GRANIN’S NOVELLAS)

Abstract

This paper examines the evolution of psychologism as an artistic method in literature, analyzing the achievements of classic Russian and world literature in embodying the "dialectic of the soul." It is noted that psychologism manifests itself in various forms, from explicit to implicit, with an emphasis on the characters' inner experiences. Particular attention is paid to the role of internal monologue, which allows for a deeper understanding of the characters' inner world and their emotional states. It is a key device used in both realistic and modernist prose. The article emphasizes the importance of psychological analysis in literature, despite criticism from avant-garde writers, and points to changes in artistic structure caused by an interest in psychological conflicts. Internal monologue is considered a unique literary device that allows for the conveyance of subjective reality and the complexity of human consciousness.