O‘RGANISH NAZARIYALARINING QIYOSIY TAHLILI: BIXEVIORIZM, KOGNITIVIZM, KONSTRUKTIVIZM VA KONEKTIVIZM
Kalit so‘zlar:
bixeviorizm, kognitivizm, konstruktivizm, konektivizm, o‘rganish nazariyalari, pedagogika.Annotatsiya
Ushbu maqolada ta’limdagi to‘rtta asosiy nazariy paradigma — bixeviorizm, kognitivizm, konstruktivizm va konektivizm — qiyosiy tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada har bir nazariyaning tarixiy rivojlanishi, asosiy namoyandalari va nazariy asoslari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Nazariyalar o‘rtasidagi o‘xshashliklar va asosiy farqlar ilmiy jihatdan tahlil etiladi. Bixeviorizm o‘rganishni stimul-reaksiya mexanizmlari orqali izohlasa, kognitivizm ichki kognitiv jarayonlarga e’tibor qaratadi. Konstruktivizm bilimni faol qurilish jarayoni sifatida talqin etsa, konektivizm raqamli davrda o‘rganishni tarmoqlar va texnologiyalar orqali izohlaydi. Maqolada ayniqsa konektivizmning dolzarbligi va zamonaviy ta’limdagi o‘rni alohida ta’kidlanadi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, ushbu nazariyalar bir-birini inkor etmaydi, balki o‘rganish jarayonining turli jihatlarini yoritib, o‘zaro to‘ldiradi.
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