CLASSIFICATION OF SPEECH ACTS IN KARAKALPAK PAREMIAS: ADVICE, WARNING, CRITICISM, ENCOURAGEMENT
Keywords:
paremias, Karakalpak proverbs, pragmatics, speech acts, illocution, directive, expressive.Abstract
This article provides a pragmatic classification of Karakalpak paremiological units (proverbs and sayings) based on speech act theory. The research corpus consists of selected paremias from the collection “Karakalpak Folklore. Multi-volume edition. Volume IV. Karakalpak Proverbs and Sayings.” The methodological framework is based on Austin’s locution–illocution–perlocution model and Searle’s taxonomy of illocutionary acts. The analysis identifies four pragmatic groups of paremias: advice, warning, criticism, and encouragement. The findings show the predominance of directive units (advice/warning), while criticism and encouragement serve functions of social regulation and emotional support. It is also noted that the illocutionary force of paremias depends on context and may shift according to discourse conditions.
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